One of the factors that have always
been key for any company is the decision-making process based on adequate
information management. Today, the differentiating element between surviving
and surviving companies lies in the use of the resources that the company
technology offers, and the way in which these resources are exploited by each
of the organizations, all of them related to the data manipulation to provide
clear, accurate and reliable information that is used for timely
decision-making and successful. Decision-making is a critical activity within
organizations, and that is why the success that the organization can achieve at
any given time depends largely on it. Currently, companies and organizations
focus a large part of their efforts on detecting areas of improvement that
allow them to optimize their performance, in order to stay at the competitive
level wanted. One of the aspects that reflects the greatest importance refers
to the use of information within the company, in such a way that through Its
efficient administration makes it possible to make accurate and timely
decisions, which will lead it to achieve the goals and objectives set. One of
the factors that influence the information management process to be carried out
properly is the use of technological tools that allow us to provide the
necessary support to streamline these processes, and as a consequence, an
increase in performance within the company, as well as a reduction in costs in
the same.
Among these technological instruments
are the programs or software, as well as the physical infrastructure necessary
to support the programs. Software refers to “the electronic instructions that
are going to tell the computer what to do. It can also be said that they are
the programs used to direct the functions of a computer system or hardware [1].
Each software performs specific functions within a diverse range of
applications, and undoubtedly one of the programs that represent the greatest
utility within a company are called Decision Support Systems (DSS). DSS tools
can be defined as an integrated information planning and processing system that
incorporates the ability to interrogate the information system of the company
in a certain way, analyze the information obtained and predict, based on
certain models, the impact of future decisions before taking them to the
practice. These are usually integrated sets of programs (statistical
calculations, database queries, modeling, mathematical programming, etc.) that
can share the same data and information (both from internal sources and
external) [2]. In this way, decision making becomes a critical success variable
within companies, and this is where the importance of a DSS lies. “Today,
information systems play a fundamental role for the success of companies. It is
a great challenge for an organization to be able to control the variables of
planning, organization, control and direction of the company. In order to have
control over them, it is necessary to make the right decisions that can lead
the organization in the desired direction [3].
As can be seen, the decision support
system is the basis through which plans and strategies for the company, since
it will provide the decision maker with the necessary instruments to direct
efforts towards a goal or end common. DSS can be implemented to support a
specific area within the company, or it can be designed so that only one of
them provides support to various areas. Through a decision support system, the
following benefits can be obtained, related to each area of the company: «In
the area management to make decisions based on financial analysis, cost
analysis and other analyzes performed with respect to accounting information or
administrative. In the production area to make decisions based on information
relevant to costs of production, allocation of production resources, scheduling
of itineraries and control of levels of inventories. And finally, in the sales
area these systems are applied to make decisions regarding advertising campaigns,
marketing planning and sales support [4]. Taking into account the above, a DSS
is capable of promoting various factors, all of them with a high degree of
importance for the entity : a reduction of costs within the company,
streamlining of processes within each area of the organization, optimization
of the service provided to customers and suppliers, among others, and based on
them it is possible to establish an important competitive advantage with
respect to its direct competitors within the market.
Conclusions
Definitely the decision-making
process within organizations, becomes vitally important from the moment it
depends on this. the set of plans, actions or strategies of the company, as
well as, although indirectly, the approach of objectives and goals. Thus, the
use of technological tools that provide support to the decision-making process,
allows companies to obtain advantages. competitive as a result of streamlining
the process, in addition to having a significant impact on the overall performance
of the organization. The fact that the
decision maker obtains the necessary information from the same source to
determine the set of actions to be taken. take, gives an extra benefit against
those who do not have this resource and must invest more time than necessary to
collect information, analyze and interpret it, in the sense that it will have
the most important resource for the organization, time.
Bibliography
1. López Martínez, Karina. (2000).
Software. (Online). Maracaibo Venezuela.
2. Elizondo, Monica. (2002).
Intelligent Systems and Decision Support. Mexico DF.
3. Arzate Carrasco, Omar. (2002). Use
of Decision Support Systems in Mexican Companies. (Online). Monterrey, NL.
4. Sterling, Jorge. (2003).
Application and impact of decision support systems. (Online). Mexico DF.
5. Thompson, A. and Strickland, A. (2003). Strategic management. Concepts and cases. (pp. 172-177). USA: Mc-Graw Hill.
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